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26,551 first names, 70,620 last names, 333,585 kanji variations.
one of the best Japanese name search tools for your baby!
Hirochan(ひろちゃん)
Tatsuchan( たつちゃん)
Hirotan( ひろたん)![]()
In Japanese culture, kanji are characters that originated from Chinese script, and the meaning of a name changes depending on the kanji characters chosen. The more variations of kanji a name has, the more common it is in Japan. Conversely, a name with very few kanji variations is considered unique and rare. Below are the kanji variations for "Hirotatsu," ranked by the total number of "Good!" votes.
博 means "wide, learned, gamble."
Learned - Knowledgeable; scholarly.
Gambling - Taking part in games of chance for money or other stakes.
Promote - To spread or increase the popularity of something.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
Learned - Teachers and scholars illuminate the path of knowledge for others. May your child both learn eagerly and share knowledge generously.
Gamble - Gamble - To Bet; to wager - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of gamble throughout life.
Gambling - Gambling represents active engagement and purposeful effort. May your child engage in gambling with purpose and skill.
Promote - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
健 means "healthy, strong, skilled."
Healthy - In good physical condition.
Long-lasting - Having the ability to last for a long time.
Powerful - Having great strength and power.
Healthy - Goodness and virtue form the foundation of a meaningful life. May your child embody goodness and cultivate virtue throughout life.
Strong - Strength includes physical power, mental fortitude, and moral courage. May your child be strong in body, mind, and spirit, facing all with courage.
Skilled - Skilled - Capable; talented - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of skilled throughout life.
Long-lasting - Length represents endurance, patience, and the journey that extends through time. May your child have long patience and endurance for life's extended journeys.
Powerful - Being powerful represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be powerful, letting this quality guide their path.
博 means "wide, learned, gamble."
Learned - Knowledgeable; scholarly.
Gambling - Taking part in games of chance for money or other stakes.
Promote - To spread or increase the popularity of something.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
Learned - Teachers and scholars illuminate the path of knowledge for others. May your child both learn eagerly and share knowledge generously.
Gamble - Gamble - To Bet; to wager - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of gamble throughout life.
Gambling - Gambling represents active engagement and purposeful effort. May your child engage in gambling with purpose and skill.
Promote - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
建 means "build, establish, propose."
To Build - To construct a building or structure.
Build - Building represents creation, construction, and making lasting things. May your child build a life of meaning and contribution.
To Build - Building represents construction, development, and creating lasting value. May your child build things that last, creating value for generations.
Establish - Establish - To Found; to set up - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of establish throughout life.
Propose - Conflict teaches the value of peace and the courage to stand firm. May your child fight for what is right and seek peace when possible.
博 means "wide, learned, gamble."
Learned - Knowledgeable; scholarly.
Gambling - Taking part in games of chance for money or other stakes.
Promote - To spread or increase the popularity of something.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
Learned - Teachers and scholars illuminate the path of knowledge for others. May your child both learn eagerly and share knowledge generously.
Gamble - Gamble - To Bet; to wager - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of gamble throughout life.
Gambling - Gambling represents active engagement and purposeful effort. May your child engage in gambling with purpose and skill.
Promote - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
立 means "to stand, to establish, standing."
Standing - In an upright position.
Create - To make or construct something.
Immediately - At Once; right away.
Raise - To cause something to happen.
Rittoru - A unit of capacity.
To Stand - Standing represents resolve, presence, and the courage to hold one's ground. May your child stand firm in their convictions, unmoved by pressure.
To Erect - The act of erect represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child erect with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
To Establish - The act of establish represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child establish with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Standing - Standing represents resolve, presence, and the courage to hold one's ground. May your child stand firm in their convictions, unmoved by pressure.
Create - Creating represents bringing into existence, innovation, and expression. May your child create beauty, value, and meaning in the world.
Immediately - Paths represent journeys, choices, and the direction of life. May your child find good paths and walk them with courage.
Position - Sharpness represents clarity, precision, and cutting through confusion. May your child have a sharp mind that cuts through to truth.
Raise - Raising represents nurturing, elevation, and helping others grow. May your child raise others up, nurturing growth wherever they go.
Rittoru - Measurement enables fair assessment and proper understanding. May your child measure what matters by proper standards.
博 means "wide, learned, gamble."
Learned - Knowledgeable; scholarly.
Gambling - Taking part in games of chance for money or other stakes.
Promote - To spread or increase the popularity of something.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
Learned - Teachers and scholars illuminate the path of knowledge for others. May your child both learn eagerly and share knowledge generously.
Gamble - Gamble - To Bet; to wager - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of gamble throughout life.
Gambling - Gambling represents active engagement and purposeful effort. May your child engage in gambling with purpose and skill.
Promote - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
竜 means "dragon, emperor, hero."
Dragon - A legendary serpent-like creature.
Hero - A great, powerful person.
A Horse of More Than Eight Feet Tall - A horse of exceptional quality.
Excellence - Superb Quality; outstanding.
Dragon - The dragon (龍) in East Asia symbolizes power, wisdom, and benevolent protection. May your child possess the dragon's noble power and wisdom, protecting others with strength and grace.
Emperor - An emperor holds supreme responsibility for the welfare of many. May your child rise to meet great responsibilities with wisdom.
Hero - Heroes rise to face challenges, inspiring others through their courage. May your child be a hero to those around them, inspiring courage in others.
A Horse of More Than Eight Feet Tall - Horses represent vitality, success, and the strength to carry others forward. May your child gallop toward success like a noble horse, carrying others along their journey.
Excellence - Excellence - Superb Quality; outstanding - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of excellence throughout life.
博 means "wide, learned, gamble."
Learned - Knowledgeable; scholarly.
Gambling - Taking part in games of chance for money or other stakes.
Promote - To spread or increase the popularity of something.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
Learned - Teachers and scholars illuminate the path of knowledge for others. May your child both learn eagerly and share knowledge generously.
Gamble - Gamble - To Bet; to wager - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of gamble throughout life.
Gambling - Gambling represents active engagement and purposeful effort. May your child engage in gambling with purpose and skill.
Promote - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
辰 means "dragon, east-southeast, morning."
Dragon - The fifth sign of the Japanese zodiac.
East-southeast - A directional indication.
Morning - Around 8 AM in traditional time-keeping.
Time - 8am and two hours before and after
Dragon - The dragon (龍) in East Asia symbolizes power, wisdom, and benevolent protection. May your child possess the dragon's noble power and wisdom, protecting others with strength and grace.
East-southeast - Directions guide us on our journey, helping us find our way. May your child always find their direction in life.
Morning - Morning symbolizes fresh starts, renewed energy, and optimism. May your child embrace each morning with optimism and renewed purpose.
Celestial Bodies - Celestial Bodies - The sun, moon, and stars - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of celestial bodies throughout life.
Time - Time is precious and irreplaceable, the medium through which life unfolds. May your child use time wisely, treasuring each moment as the gift it is.
博 means "wide, learned, gamble."
Learned - Knowledgeable; scholarly.
Gambling - Taking part in games of chance for money or other stakes.
Promote - To spread or increase the popularity of something.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
Learned - Teachers and scholars illuminate the path of knowledge for others. May your child both learn eagerly and share knowledge generously.
Gamble - Gamble - To Bet; to wager - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of gamble throughout life.
Gambling - Gambling represents active engagement and purposeful effort. May your child engage in gambling with purpose and skill.
Promote - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
達 means "reach, accomplish, convey."
Accomplish - To Achieve; to fulfill.
Selfish - Wanting to have things one's own way.
Reach - Reaching represents aspiration, extending, and touching what matters. May your child reach their goals and touch many lives.
To Reach, Arrive - Reaching represents extending, striving, and pushing toward goals. May your child reach for great things, extending beyond their current grasp.
Accomplish - Accomplishment represents achievement, completion, and the satisfaction of finishing. May your child accomplish great things, completing what they set out to do.
Convey - Convey - To Deliver; to transmit - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of convey throughout life.
Selfish - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
博 means "wide, learned, gamble."
Learned - Knowledgeable; scholarly.
Gambling - Taking part in games of chance for money or other stakes.
Promote - To spread or increase the popularity of something.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
Learned - Teachers and scholars illuminate the path of knowledge for others. May your child both learn eagerly and share knowledge generously.
Gamble - Gamble - To Bet; to wager - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of gamble throughout life.
Gambling - Gambling represents active engagement and purposeful effort. May your child engage in gambling with purpose and skill.
Promote - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
龍 means "dragon, imperial, excellent."
Dragon - A mythical creature.
Imperial - Related to the emperor.
Excellent - Outstanding; superior.
Tall Horse - A horse that is more than eight feet tall, considered to be of superior quality.
Dragon - The dragon (龍) in East Asia symbolizes power, wisdom, and benevolent protection. May your child possess the dragon's noble power and wisdom, protecting others with strength and grace.
Imperial - Being imperial represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be imperial, letting this quality guide their path.
Excellent - Excellence represents the pursuit of the highest quality in all endeavors. May your child pursue excellence in all they do, always striving for their best.
Tall Horse - Horses represent vitality, success, and the strength to carry others forward. May your child gallop toward success like a noble horse, carrying others along their journey.
啓 means "to open, to enlighten, to begin."
Begin, Initiate - To start something, to initiate, to pioneer.
Lead, Pioneer - To lead, to be a vanguard, to pay in advance.
Open, Unlock - To open something, to unlock, to release, to let go.
To Begin - Beginning represents the courage to start, the first step of every journey. May your child have the courage to begin, taking first steps toward great destinations.
Begin, Initiate - Beginning represents the courage to start, the first step of every journey. May your child have the courage to begin, taking first steps toward great destinations.
Document - Documents represent knowledge preserved, records, and lasting communication. May your child document their wisdom for future generations.
Lead, Pioneer - Leading represents guidance, responsibility, and inspiring others forward. May your child lead with wisdom, inspiring others toward good.
Open, Unlock - Openness represents receptivity, honesty, and welcoming attitudes. May your child be open in heart and mind, receptive to wisdom and welcoming to all.
Season - Seasons teach us about cycles, timing, and the wisdom of accepting change. May your child embrace all of life's seasons, finding purpose in each phase.
Speak, Declare - Speaking represents expression, communication, and the power of words. May your child speak wisely, using words to heal, inspire, and connect.
Teach, Guide - Teach/Guide - To teach, to guide, to lead, to understand - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of teach/guide throughout life.
龍 means "dragon, imperial, excellent."
Dragon - A mythical creature.
Imperial - Related to the emperor.
Excellent - Outstanding; superior.
Tall Horse - A horse that is more than eight feet tall, considered to be of superior quality.
Dragon - The dragon (龍) in East Asia symbolizes power, wisdom, and benevolent protection. May your child possess the dragon's noble power and wisdom, protecting others with strength and grace.
Imperial - Being imperial represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be imperial, letting this quality guide their path.
Excellent - Excellence represents the pursuit of the highest quality in all endeavors. May your child pursue excellence in all they do, always striving for their best.
Tall Horse - Horses represent vitality, success, and the strength to carry others forward. May your child gallop toward success like a noble horse, carrying others along their journey.
宏 means "wide, to expand, excellent."
To Expand - To make larger.
Excellent - Outstanding; magnificent.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
To Expand - The act of expand represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child expand with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Excellent - Excellence represents the pursuit of the highest quality in all endeavors. May your child pursue excellence in all they do, always striving for their best.
Expand, Amplify - Expand/Amplify - To make bigger or more extensive - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of expand/amplify throughout life.
竜 means "dragon, emperor, hero."
Dragon - A legendary serpent-like creature.
Hero - A great, powerful person.
A Horse of More Than Eight Feet Tall - A horse of exceptional quality.
Excellence - Superb Quality; outstanding.
Dragon - The dragon (龍) in East Asia symbolizes power, wisdom, and benevolent protection. May your child possess the dragon's noble power and wisdom, protecting others with strength and grace.
Emperor - An emperor holds supreme responsibility for the welfare of many. May your child rise to meet great responsibilities with wisdom.
Hero - Heroes rise to face challenges, inspiring others through their courage. May your child be a hero to those around them, inspiring courage in others.
A Horse of More Than Eight Feet Tall - Horses represent vitality, success, and the strength to carry others forward. May your child gallop toward success like a noble horse, carrying others along their journey.
Excellence - Excellence - Superb Quality; outstanding - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of excellence throughout life.
宏 means "wide, to expand, excellent."
To Expand - To make larger.
Excellent - Outstanding; magnificent.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
To Expand - The act of expand represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child expand with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Excellent - Excellence represents the pursuit of the highest quality in all endeavors. May your child pursue excellence in all they do, always striving for their best.
Expand, Amplify - Expand/Amplify - To make bigger or more extensive - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of expand/amplify throughout life.
辰 means "dragon, east-southeast, morning."
Dragon - The fifth sign of the Japanese zodiac.
East-southeast - A directional indication.
Morning - Around 8 AM in traditional time-keeping.
Time - 8am and two hours before and after
Dragon - The dragon (龍) in East Asia symbolizes power, wisdom, and benevolent protection. May your child possess the dragon's noble power and wisdom, protecting others with strength and grace.
East-southeast - Directions guide us on our journey, helping us find our way. May your child always find their direction in life.
Morning - Morning symbolizes fresh starts, renewed energy, and optimism. May your child embrace each morning with optimism and renewed purpose.
Celestial Bodies - Celestial Bodies - The sun, moon, and stars - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of celestial bodies throughout life.
Time - Time is precious and irreplaceable, the medium through which life unfolds. May your child use time wisely, treasuring each moment as the gift it is.
宏 means "wide, to expand, excellent."
To Expand - To make larger.
Excellent - Outstanding; magnificent.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
To Expand - The act of expand represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child expand with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Excellent - Excellence represents the pursuit of the highest quality in all endeavors. May your child pursue excellence in all they do, always striving for their best.
Expand, Amplify - Expand/Amplify - To make bigger or more extensive - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of expand/amplify throughout life.
達 means "reach, accomplish, convey."
Accomplish - To Achieve; to fulfill.
Selfish - Wanting to have things one's own way.
Reach - Reaching represents aspiration, extending, and touching what matters. May your child reach their goals and touch many lives.
To Reach, Arrive - Reaching represents extending, striving, and pushing toward goals. May your child reach for great things, extending beyond their current grasp.
Accomplish - Accomplishment represents achievement, completion, and the satisfaction of finishing. May your child accomplish great things, completing what they set out to do.
Convey - Convey - To Deliver; to transmit - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of convey throughout life.
Selfish - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
宏 means "wide, to expand, excellent."
To Expand - To make larger.
Excellent - Outstanding; magnificent.
Wide - Width represents breadth of understanding, inclusiveness, and comprehensive vision. May your child have wide understanding, inclusive and comprehensive in their view.
To Expand - The act of expand represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child expand with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Excellent - Excellence represents the pursuit of the highest quality in all endeavors. May your child pursue excellence in all they do, always striving for their best.
Expand, Amplify - Expand/Amplify - To make bigger or more extensive - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of expand/amplify throughout life.
龍 means "dragon, imperial, excellent."
Dragon - A mythical creature.
Imperial - Related to the emperor.
Excellent - Outstanding; superior.
Tall Horse - A horse that is more than eight feet tall, considered to be of superior quality.
Dragon - The dragon (龍) in East Asia symbolizes power, wisdom, and benevolent protection. May your child possess the dragon's noble power and wisdom, protecting others with strength and grace.
Imperial - Being imperial represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be imperial, letting this quality guide their path.
Excellent - Excellence represents the pursuit of the highest quality in all endeavors. May your child pursue excellence in all they do, always striving for their best.
Tall Horse - Horses represent vitality, success, and the strength to carry others forward. May your child gallop toward success like a noble horse, carrying others along their journey.
寛 means "tolerant, generous, spacious."
Tolerant - Tolerant - Accepting of differences - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of tolerant throughout life.
Generous - Being generous represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be generous, letting this quality guide their path.
Spacious - Being spacious represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be spacious, letting this quality guide their path.
Relaxed - Relaxation represents peace, ease, and freedom from tension. May your child find moments of relaxation amid life's activities.
達 means "reach, accomplish, convey."
Accomplish - To Achieve; to fulfill.
Selfish - Wanting to have things one's own way.
Reach - Reaching represents aspiration, extending, and touching what matters. May your child reach their goals and touch many lives.
To Reach, Arrive - Reaching represents extending, striving, and pushing toward goals. May your child reach for great things, extending beyond their current grasp.
Accomplish - Accomplishment represents achievement, completion, and the satisfaction of finishing. May your child accomplish great things, completing what they set out to do.
Convey - Convey - To Deliver; to transmit - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of convey throughout life.
Selfish - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
裕 means "abundant, wealthy, generous."
Ample - More than enough, sufficient.
Comfortable - Providing physical ease and relaxation, cozy.
Open-minded - Willing to consider new ideas, tolerant.
Relaxed - Not tense, rigid, or strict, easygoing.
Wealthy - Wealth represents abundance, resources, and the means to do good. May your child prosper in all ways and share their abundance.
Generous - Being generous represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be generous, letting this quality guide their path.
Ample - Ample - More than enough, sufficient - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of ample throughout life.
Comfortable - Being comfortable represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be comfortable, letting this quality guide their path.
Open-minded - Openness represents receptivity, honesty, and welcoming attitudes. May your child be open in heart and mind, receptive to wisdom and welcoming to all.
Relaxed - Relaxation represents peace, ease, and freedom from tension. May your child find moments of relaxation amid life's activities.
Spacious - Being spacious represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be spacious, letting this quality guide their path.
龍 means "dragon, imperial, excellent."
Dragon - A mythical creature.
Imperial - Related to the emperor.
Excellent - Outstanding; superior.
Tall Horse - A horse that is more than eight feet tall, considered to be of superior quality.
Dragon - The dragon (龍) in East Asia symbolizes power, wisdom, and benevolent protection. May your child possess the dragon's noble power and wisdom, protecting others with strength and grace.
Imperial - Being imperial represents a valuable quality that enriches character and life. May your child be imperial, letting this quality guide their path.
Excellent - Excellence represents the pursuit of the highest quality in all endeavors. May your child pursue excellence in all they do, always striving for their best.
Tall Horse - Horses represent vitality, success, and the strength to carry others forward. May your child gallop toward success like a noble horse, carrying others along their journey.
Names that have the same gender and start with H.
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Sorts names by how closely they match your search meaning. Names containing more kanji that match your search terms appear higher in the results.
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Sorts names by how many different kanji spellings they have. In general, names with more variants tend to be more familiar and widespread in Japan (with some exceptions).
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Sorts names by page views on this site. Views reflect global traffic (including Japan), so this does not represent popularity among Japanese people only. A high view count does not necessarily mean the name is famous in Japan.
What is Hiragana?
Hiragana is one of the two Japanese syllabaries. Each character represents a sound (mora), not a meaning. It is used for native words, grammatical particles, verb/adjective endings (okurigana), and to show pronunciation above kanji (furigana). It developed from cursive forms of kanji.
What is Katakana?
Katakana is one of the two Japanese syllabaries. Each character represents a sound (mora), not a meaning. It is mainly used to write foreign words and names, loanwords, onomatopoeia, and for emphasis.
What are English Syllables?
A syllable is a unit of pronunciation in English — it’s the beat you hear when you say a word.
Here are a few quick examples:
cat = 1 syllable
ba-by = 2 syllables
beau-ti-ful = 3 syllables
On this site, English Syllables show how a name naturally breaks into sounds when spoken in English. This helps you understand how English speakers naturally say the name and where they pause between sounds.
What are Japanese Morae?
A mora (plural: morae, Japanese: 拍 Haku) is the basic unit of sound in Japanese — think of it as one rhythmic “beat” when speaking.
Here are a few quick examples:
あ (a) = 1 mora
あい (a-i) = 2 morae
きょう (kyo-u) = 2 morae
On this site, Japanese Morae show how many “beats” a name has in Japanese. Most Japanese names have about 2–4 morae, which affects how natural and rhythmic the name sounds to native speakers.
This helps you see how the name fits into the natural rhythm of Japanese speech.
What is English Transcription?
“English transcription” (romanization) is the romanized form of a Japanese name, intended to reproduce its pronunciation as closely as possible. It is also useful for searching names on this site.
Japanese-Style Nicknames
In Japan, nicknames are used to express familiarity and affection. Typical features include:
Shortened forms: Names are often shortened for closeness, e.g., “Yuki” from “Yukiko” or “Taka” from “Takashi”.
Suffixes: Terms like “-chan” (often for girls, also for young children) and “-kun” (often for boys) are used among family and close friends. Among very close adults, “-chan” may still be used. More details
Use & context: Nicknames are informal—common among friends, family, or close colleagues—and are not suitable for formal or professional settings. Their use implies a certain degree of intimacy.
Long vowels: The long vowel mark “chōonpu” (ー) extends the preceding vowel. For example, “あーちゃん” (A-chan) lengthens the “あ” sound.
Households
Sorts surnames by the estimated number of Japanese households that use them. More households generally indicates a more common or well-known surname.
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