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26,551 first names, 70,620 last names, 333,585 kanji variations.
one of the best Japanese name search tools for your baby!
Kicchan(きっちゃん)
Kihanyan( きはにゃん)
Kihapon( きはぽん)![]()
This name is also used as a surname:
Kihana
In Japanese culture, kanji are characters that originated from Chinese script, and the meaning of a name changes depending on the kanji characters chosen. The more variations of kanji a name has, the more common it is in Japan. Conversely, a name with very few kanji variations is considered unique and rare. Below are the kanji variations for "Kihana," ranked by the total number of "Good!" votes.
妃 means "princess, consort, queen."
Consort - The spouse of a monarch.
Queen - A female sovereign or king's wife.
Empress - The wife of the emperor, the second wife of the emperor's consort.
Goddess - A female deity.
Royalty - The wife of a royal family member.
Spouse - A partner in a marriage.
To Marry - To become a married couple.
Consort - Consort - The spouse of a monarch - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of consort throughout life.
Queen - A queen combines sovereignty with nurturing care for her realm. May your child reign over their domain with wisdom and compassion.
Empress - An empress combines supreme authority with maternal care. May your child wield influence wisely and with compassion.
Goddess - Goddess - A female deity - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of goddess throughout life.
Royalty - Royalty - The wife of a royal family member - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of royalty throughout life.
Spouse - Spouses represent partnership, commitment, and shared life. May your child find a worthy spouse and be a worthy partner.
To Marry - Marriage represents the union of two souls, the creation of a new family, and lifelong commitment. May your child find a worthy partner and build a marriage full of love and mutual respect.
華 means "flower, to bloom, splendid."
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Color - Color represents a role of purpose and contribution to society. May your child embody the color's dedication and skill in their life's work.
White - White represents purity, sacredness, and new beginnings in Japanese Shinto tradition. May your child maintain purity of heart, sacred and clean as fresh white snow.
China - China represents ancient civilization, rich culture, and profound historical influence. May your child appreciate the depth of Eastern culture and wisdom.
希 means "hope, rare, few."
Faint, Dim - Something that is barely visible or barely audible.
Greece - An abbreviation for the country name "Greece".
Hope - Hope represents optimism, faith in the future, and the light that guides through darkness. May your child live in hope, carrying light through every darkness.
Rare - Rare - Uncommon; scarce - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of rare throughout life.
Few - Few represents selectivity, quality over quantity, and treasured intimacy. May your child choose quality over quantity, treasuring deep connections.
Faint, Dim - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
Greece - Noble titles carry both honor and responsibility to serve others. May your child carry themselves with dignity and serve others honorably.
花 means "flower, flower-like, to bloom."
Flower - The blossom of plants and trees; flora in general.
Flower-like - Something resembling a flower in shape; something beautifully blooming.
To Blur - For vision to become hazy; to become dizzy; to be dazzled.
Cherry Blossom - The flower of the cherry tree; plum blossom.
Congratulatory Gift - A monetary gift given on festive occasions.
Glare - A feeling of being dazzled.
Popular - Something Admired; something glamorous and celebrated.
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
Flower-like - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
To Blur - The act of blur represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child blur with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Cherry Blossom - Cherry blossoms (桜) embody the Japanese concept of mono no aware—the bittersweet beauty of impermanence. May your child live fully in each moment like the cherry blossom, embracing life's beautiful transience.
Congratulatory Gift - Congratulatory gifts represent shared joy, celebration, and the bonds of community. May your child give and receive gifts of celebration, sharing joy with many.
Glare - Glare represents intense focus, brightness, and commanding attention. May your child shine with brilliance that draws positive attention.
Plum Blossoms - Plum blossoms represent resilience and hope, blooming bravely while snow still covers the ground. May your child bloom with courage like the plum, bringing hope even in winter's coldest days.
Popular - Popularity represents acceptance, appeal, and connection with many. May your child be popular for their kindness and character.
Splendid Things - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
希 means "hope, rare, few."
Faint, Dim - Something that is barely visible or barely audible.
Greece - An abbreviation for the country name "Greece".
Hope - Hope represents optimism, faith in the future, and the light that guides through darkness. May your child live in hope, carrying light through every darkness.
Rare - Rare - Uncommon; scarce - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of rare throughout life.
Few - Few represents selectivity, quality over quantity, and treasured intimacy. May your child choose quality over quantity, treasuring deep connections.
Faint, Dim - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
Greece - Noble titles carry both honor and responsibility to serve others. May your child carry themselves with dignity and serve others honorably.
華 means "flower, to bloom, splendid."
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Color - Color represents a role of purpose and contribution to society. May your child embody the color's dedication and skill in their life's work.
White - White represents purity, sacredness, and new beginnings in Japanese Shinto tradition. May your child maintain purity of heart, sacred and clean as fresh white snow.
China - China represents ancient civilization, rich culture, and profound historical influence. May your child appreciate the depth of Eastern culture and wisdom.
稀 means "rare, thin."
Dilute - Make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent.
Rare - Rare - Uncommon; faint; sparse - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of rare throughout life.
Thin - Thinned and diluted represents distributed influence and wider reach. May your child extend their influence widely.
Dilute - Dilution represents spreading influence, softening intensity, and gentle application. May your child apply strength gently.
花 means "flower, flower-like, to bloom."
Flower - The blossom of plants and trees; flora in general.
Flower-like - Something resembling a flower in shape; something beautifully blooming.
To Blur - For vision to become hazy; to become dizzy; to be dazzled.
Cherry Blossom - The flower of the cherry tree; plum blossom.
Congratulatory Gift - A monetary gift given on festive occasions.
Glare - A feeling of being dazzled.
Popular - Something Admired; something glamorous and celebrated.
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
Flower-like - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
To Blur - The act of blur represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child blur with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Cherry Blossom - Cherry blossoms (桜) embody the Japanese concept of mono no aware—the bittersweet beauty of impermanence. May your child live fully in each moment like the cherry blossom, embracing life's beautiful transience.
Congratulatory Gift - Congratulatory gifts represent shared joy, celebration, and the bonds of community. May your child give and receive gifts of celebration, sharing joy with many.
Glare - Glare represents intense focus, brightness, and commanding attention. May your child shine with brilliance that draws positive attention.
Plum Blossoms - Plum blossoms represent resilience and hope, blooming bravely while snow still covers the ground. May your child bloom with courage like the plum, bringing hope even in winter's coldest days.
Popular - Popularity represents acceptance, appeal, and connection with many. May your child be popular for their kindness and character.
Splendid Things - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
稀 means "rare, thin."
Dilute - Make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent.
Rare - Rare - Uncommon; faint; sparse - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of rare throughout life.
Thin - Thinned and diluted represents distributed influence and wider reach. May your child extend their influence widely.
Dilute - Dilution represents spreading influence, softening intensity, and gentle application. May your child apply strength gently.
華 means "flower, to bloom, splendid."
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Color - Color represents a role of purpose and contribution to society. May your child embody the color's dedication and skill in their life's work.
White - White represents purity, sacredness, and new beginnings in Japanese Shinto tradition. May your child maintain purity of heart, sacred and clean as fresh white snow.
China - China represents ancient civilization, rich culture, and profound historical influence. May your child appreciate the depth of Eastern culture and wisdom.
綺 means "beautiful, figured silk, splendid."
Splendid - Magnificent; wonderful.
Interfering - This refers to the act of interfering or meddling in something.
Beautiful - Beauty encompasses both outer form and inner grace, reflecting harmony and balance. May your child embody true beauty—radiating from within and inspiring others.
Figured Silk - Silk represents refinement, luxury, and the transformation of humble materials into beauty. May your child transform humbly like silk, becoming something refined and beautiful.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Interfering - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
椛 means "autumn leaves, momiji."
Momiji - Beautiful red and yellow leaves.
Kaba - A type of Japanese maple tree, known for its bright red leaves.
Autumn Leaves - Leaving represents moving forward, letting go, and embarking on new journeys. May your child know when to leave, moving forward with courage.
Momiji - Beauty represents appreciation, harmony, and the joy of aesthetics. May your child appreciate beauty and create it wherever they go.
Kaba - The kaba maple represents bright autumn beauty and seasonal splendor. May your child shine brightly in their season.
綺 means "beautiful, figured silk, splendid."
Splendid - Magnificent; wonderful.
Interfering - This refers to the act of interfering or meddling in something.
Beautiful - Beauty encompasses both outer form and inner grace, reflecting harmony and balance. May your child embody true beauty—radiating from within and inspiring others.
Figured Silk - Silk represents refinement, luxury, and the transformation of humble materials into beauty. May your child transform humbly like silk, becoming something refined and beautiful.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Interfering - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
花 means "flower, flower-like, to bloom."
Flower - The blossom of plants and trees; flora in general.
Flower-like - Something resembling a flower in shape; something beautifully blooming.
To Blur - For vision to become hazy; to become dizzy; to be dazzled.
Cherry Blossom - The flower of the cherry tree; plum blossom.
Congratulatory Gift - A monetary gift given on festive occasions.
Glare - A feeling of being dazzled.
Popular - Something Admired; something glamorous and celebrated.
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
Flower-like - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
To Blur - The act of blur represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child blur with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Cherry Blossom - Cherry blossoms (桜) embody the Japanese concept of mono no aware—the bittersweet beauty of impermanence. May your child live fully in each moment like the cherry blossom, embracing life's beautiful transience.
Congratulatory Gift - Congratulatory gifts represent shared joy, celebration, and the bonds of community. May your child give and receive gifts of celebration, sharing joy with many.
Glare - Glare represents intense focus, brightness, and commanding attention. May your child shine with brilliance that draws positive attention.
Plum Blossoms - Plum blossoms represent resilience and hope, blooming bravely while snow still covers the ground. May your child bloom with courage like the plum, bringing hope even in winter's coldest days.
Popular - Popularity represents acceptance, appeal, and connection with many. May your child be popular for their kindness and character.
Splendid Things - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
綺 means "beautiful, figured silk, splendid."
Splendid - Magnificent; wonderful.
Interfering - This refers to the act of interfering or meddling in something.
Beautiful - Beauty encompasses both outer form and inner grace, reflecting harmony and balance. May your child embody true beauty—radiating from within and inspiring others.
Figured Silk - Silk represents refinement, luxury, and the transformation of humble materials into beauty. May your child transform humbly like silk, becoming something refined and beautiful.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Interfering - Objects serve purposes and remind us of what matters. May your child value things for their true worth and purpose.
華 means "flower, to bloom, splendid."
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Color - Color represents a role of purpose and contribution to society. May your child embody the color's dedication and skill in their life's work.
White - White represents purity, sacredness, and new beginnings in Japanese Shinto tradition. May your child maintain purity of heart, sacred and clean as fresh white snow.
China - China represents ancient civilization, rich culture, and profound historical influence. May your child appreciate the depth of Eastern culture and wisdom.
葵 means "hollyhock, family crest."
Family Crest - Family Crest - One type of family emblem - carries meaning in Japanese naming tradition. May your child embody the positive aspects of family crest throughout life.
Aoi - Names carry identity and meaning, shaping one's path through life. May your child's name bring them good fortune and guide their character.
華 means "flower, to bloom, splendid."
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Color - Color represents a role of purpose and contribution to society. May your child embody the color's dedication and skill in their life's work.
White - White represents purity, sacredness, and new beginnings in Japanese Shinto tradition. May your child maintain purity of heart, sacred and clean as fresh white snow.
China - China represents ancient civilization, rich culture, and profound historical influence. May your child appreciate the depth of Eastern culture and wisdom.
衣 means "clothing, robe, cover."
Clothing - Clothing represents active engagement and purposeful effort. May your child engage in clothing with purpose and skill.
Robe - Length represents endurance, reach, and sustained effort. May your child have the endurance to see things through to completion.
Cover - Covering represents protection, shelter, and caring for what is precious. May your child cover and protect those who need shelter and care.
To Wear - The act of wear represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child wear with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
華 means "flower, to bloom, splendid."
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Color - Color represents a role of purpose and contribution to society. May your child embody the color's dedication and skill in their life's work.
White - White represents purity, sacredness, and new beginnings in Japanese Shinto tradition. May your child maintain purity of heart, sacred and clean as fresh white snow.
China - China represents ancient civilization, rich culture, and profound historical influence. May your child appreciate the depth of Eastern culture and wisdom.
輝 means "to shine."
To Shine - To emit or reflect light, to be bright and radiant.
Glow - To emit a steady, bright light.
Illuminate - To light up, to make something visible or clear.
Splendor - Magnificent and dazzling beauty.
To Shine - The act of shining represents sharing one's gifts and illuminating the path for others. May your child shine forth courageously, lighting the way for those who follow.
Glow - A gentle glow represents warmth, comfort, and the quiet radiance of inner peace. May your child glow with inner warmth, comforting all who come near their gentle light.
Illuminate - To illuminate means to bring understanding, clarity, and the light of wisdom. May your child illuminate minds and hearts, bringing clarity where confusion reigns.
Splendor - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the full expression of one's potential. May your child achieve splendor in all things, manifesting their full magnificent potential.
花 means "flower, flower-like, to bloom."
Flower - The blossom of plants and trees; flora in general.
Flower-like - Something resembling a flower in shape; something beautifully blooming.
To Blur - For vision to become hazy; to become dizzy; to be dazzled.
Cherry Blossom - The flower of the cherry tree; plum blossom.
Congratulatory Gift - A monetary gift given on festive occasions.
Glare - A feeling of being dazzled.
Popular - Something Admired; something glamorous and celebrated.
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
Flower-like - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
To Blur - The act of blur represents purposeful action and the will to make a difference. May your child blur with wisdom and purpose, making a positive difference in the world.
Cherry Blossom - Cherry blossoms (桜) embody the Japanese concept of mono no aware—the bittersweet beauty of impermanence. May your child live fully in each moment like the cherry blossom, embracing life's beautiful transience.
Congratulatory Gift - Congratulatory gifts represent shared joy, celebration, and the bonds of community. May your child give and receive gifts of celebration, sharing joy with many.
Glare - Glare represents intense focus, brightness, and commanding attention. May your child shine with brilliance that draws positive attention.
Plum Blossoms - Plum blossoms represent resilience and hope, blooming bravely while snow still covers the ground. May your child bloom with courage like the plum, bringing hope even in winter's coldest days.
Popular - Popularity represents acceptance, appeal, and connection with many. May your child be popular for their kindness and character.
Splendid Things - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
輝 means "to shine."
To Shine - To emit or reflect light, to be bright and radiant.
Glow - To emit a steady, bright light.
Illuminate - To light up, to make something visible or clear.
Splendor - Magnificent and dazzling beauty.
To Shine - The act of shining represents sharing one's gifts and illuminating the path for others. May your child shine forth courageously, lighting the way for those who follow.
Glow - A gentle glow represents warmth, comfort, and the quiet radiance of inner peace. May your child glow with inner warmth, comforting all who come near their gentle light.
Illuminate - To illuminate means to bring understanding, clarity, and the light of wisdom. May your child illuminate minds and hearts, bringing clarity where confusion reigns.
Splendor - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the full expression of one's potential. May your child achieve splendor in all things, manifesting their full magnificent potential.
華 means "flower, to bloom, splendid."
Flower - Flowers symbolize beauty, the transience of life (mono no aware), and the joy of the present moment. May your child bloom beautifully like a flower, bringing joy to all who witness their brief, precious existence.
To Bloom - Blooming represents the fulfillment of potential and the courage to reveal one's true beauty. May your child bloom fearlessly, revealing their true beauty when the time is right.
Splendid - Splendor represents magnificence, glory, and the dazzling beauty of achievement. May your child achieve splendid things, their glory brightening the world.
Color - Color represents a role of purpose and contribution to society. May your child embody the color's dedication and skill in their life's work.
White - White represents purity, sacredness, and new beginnings in Japanese Shinto tradition. May your child maintain purity of heart, sacred and clean as fresh white snow.
China - China represents ancient civilization, rich culture, and profound historical influence. May your child appreciate the depth of Eastern culture and wisdom.
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Sorts names by how closely they match your search meaning. Names containing more kanji that match your search terms appear higher in the results.
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Sorts names by how many different kanji spellings they have. In general, names with more variants tend to be more familiar and widespread in Japan (with some exceptions).
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What is Hiragana?
Hiragana is one of the two Japanese syllabaries. Each character represents a sound (mora), not a meaning. It is used for native words, grammatical particles, verb/adjective endings (okurigana), and to show pronunciation above kanji (furigana). It developed from cursive forms of kanji.
What is Katakana?
Katakana is one of the two Japanese syllabaries. Each character represents a sound (mora), not a meaning. It is mainly used to write foreign words and names, loanwords, onomatopoeia, and for emphasis.
What are English Syllables?
A syllable is a unit of pronunciation in English — it’s the beat you hear when you say a word.
Here are a few quick examples:
cat = 1 syllable
ba-by = 2 syllables
beau-ti-ful = 3 syllables
On this site, English Syllables show how a name naturally breaks into sounds when spoken in English. This helps you understand how English speakers naturally say the name and where they pause between sounds.
What are Japanese Morae?
A mora (plural: morae, Japanese: 拍 Haku) is the basic unit of sound in Japanese — think of it as one rhythmic “beat” when speaking.
Here are a few quick examples:
あ (a) = 1 mora
あい (a-i) = 2 morae
きょう (kyo-u) = 2 morae
On this site, Japanese Morae show how many “beats” a name has in Japanese. Most Japanese names have about 2–4 morae, which affects how natural and rhythmic the name sounds to native speakers.
This helps you see how the name fits into the natural rhythm of Japanese speech.
What is English Transcription?
“English transcription” (romanization) is the romanized form of a Japanese name, intended to reproduce its pronunciation as closely as possible. It is also useful for searching names on this site.
Japanese-Style Nicknames
In Japan, nicknames are used to express familiarity and affection. Typical features include:
Shortened forms: Names are often shortened for closeness, e.g., “Yuki” from “Yukiko” or “Taka” from “Takashi”.
Suffixes: Terms like “-chan” (often for girls, also for young children) and “-kun” (often for boys) are used among family and close friends. Among very close adults, “-chan” may still be used. More details
Use & context: Nicknames are informal—common among friends, family, or close colleagues—and are not suitable for formal or professional settings. Their use implies a certain degree of intimacy.
Long vowels: The long vowel mark “chōonpu” (ー) extends the preceding vowel. For example, “あーちゃん” (A-chan) lengthens the “あ” sound.
Households
Sorts surnames by the estimated number of Japanese households that use them. More households generally indicates a more common or well-known surname.
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